Part of a multi-volume Quran from Morocco, probably from the 12th-13th century. The verses shown in the manuscript are 28:51 to 28:55.

An untitled volume on divination, probably from Anatolia during the second half of the 14th century. This page shows a circle with 28 smaller circles, or phases of the moon.

“The Distribution [of Science] to Who is Unable to Provide It,” by Abu-l-Qasim Al-Zahrawi, probably from the 14th-15th century. The manuscript depicts several medical instruments with specific descriptions of their use in surgery.

Bifolio from a Quran from the second half of the 8th or early 9th century.

“The Gem of Shahidi," from the 17th century, is a Persian-Turkish dictionary written in rhyme by the Mevlevi dervish and poet Ibrahim Shahidi (d. 1550).

Arabic translation of “Materia Medica,” written by Dioscorides in 1083. This is the oldest illustrated Arabic copy of the revised text of the famous botanical work.

“The Marvels of Creation” by Zakariya B. Muhammad Al-Qazwini. The manuscript, which is from Persia and dated 1602, contains descriptions and miniature illustrations of angels, all inhabitants of the heavenly spheres.

Single folio from a 9th-century Quran. The square, script-style font is called Kufic, named after Kufa, Iraq.

A tile panel from Ottoman Turkey, installed in Cairo and dated 1744. This panel is integrated into the southeast wall of a famous monument in Cairo, depicting the Ka’ba and the Haram Al-Sharif in Mecca.

“The Book of Horsemanship and Farriery [the art of shoeing horses]” by Al-Khuttuli, dated 1343. The red horse is the main illustration in a collection of volumes, including three texts dedicated to horsemanship and veterinary science.

“The History of Mecca the Blessed and Medina the Radiant,” from Ottoman Turkey dated June 1597. The double miniature shows a flat projection of the Haram Al-Sharif in Mecca, with the Ka’ba on the right and the rituals of the pilgrimage on the left.